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1996-03-04
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Document 0789
DOCN M9640789
TI Tuberculosis as an opportunistic disease in persons infected with human
immunodeficiency virus.
DT 9604
AU Castro KG; Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Centers for Disease
Control; and Prevention, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of
Health; and Human Services, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
SO Clin Infect Dis. 1995 Aug;21 Suppl 1:S66-71. Unique Identifier :
AIDSLINE MED/96002830
AB Tuberculosis, a bacterial disease caused by the Mycobacterium
tuberculosis complex, is becoming an increasingly common opportunistic
disease in persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
M. tuberculosis is transmitted from person-to-person by airborne droplet
nuclei. Persons who are exposed to these droplet nuclei in poorly
ventilated environments are at risk of becoming infected with M.
tuberculosis. HIV infection is probably the most significant risk factor
associated with progression from latent M. tuberculosis infection to
active disease. Thus, HIV-infected persons should avoid exposure to M.
tuberculosis, they should be screened for evidence of latent infection
with the tuberculin skin test, and they should be offered preventive
therapy. Because many severely immunosuppressed anergic HIV-infected
persons have been found to have an increased risk of developing active
tuberculosis, decisions to use preventive therapy should be
individualized on the basis of the local prevalence of tuberculosis and
drug-resistance patterns. Persons with active tuberculosis should
receive at least 6 months of treatment with recommended regimens,
preferably with directly observed therapy, to ensure adequate
bacteriologic response, completion of therapy, and cure. Chronic
suppressive therapy after completion of therapy is currently not
recommended.
DE AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/*EPIDEMIOLOGY/PREVENTION &
CONTROL/TRANSMISSION Disease Transmission, Horizontal/PREVENTION &
CONTROL Human Incidence Infection Control/METHODS Risk Factors
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/*EPIDEMIOLOGY/PREVENTION & CONTROL/
TRANSMISSION United States/EPIDEMIOLOGY JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW
REVIEW, TUTORIAL
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).